Crop management if properly followed by the farmers, it has potential for increasing yield. To obtain high yields the following husbandly practices should be followed.
5.1 Land Preparation
- The Land preparation for planting cassava on upland and in valleys differs: On upland, farmers plant on flat ground, or mounds and ridges. In valleys, farmers prepare ridges or mounds above ground level to control water logging.
- Cassava planted in dambos should be planted on high and big ridges spaced at 120 cm for good drainage.
- Ridges are 90cm apart and 30cm high
- Mounds range from 30 to 60 cm high.
- The space between mounds varies from 60 to 100 cm.
- Plow and harrow the field twice
- Do these operations when there is enough soil moisture.
- Plow the field at least 15-30 cm deep
5.2 Planting materials
The quality of planting materials depends on the following;
- Planting materials should be healthy
- Cuttings should be obtained from the base to the middle portions of well matured plants of older than 9 months.
- For plants are 12 months or more the base should not be used for glowing as it will have been lignified.
- Cutting to be planted should be 25 to 30 cm long with 5-7 nodes
- Cut stems when you are ready for planting
- Cut stems with a well-sharpened knife or saw.
- Use of thick stem not thin ones.
5.3 Seed rate
About 65 to 80 bundles of 50 one meters long steam are required to plant on hectare of cassava for root production.
5.4 Time of planting
- Plant with the first planting rains. Farmers should not plant cassava late.
- Cassava does well on well drained soils.
5.5 Spacing and plant population
- To obtain optimum plant population, plant cassava on ridges at 90 cm apart and 90 cm between plants where cassava is grown to be processed into Kondowole.
- This gives plant population of 14000 plants per Hectare.
- For slender roots to be sold fresh on the market, a spacing of 90 cm by 45 cm can be used and will give plant population of 20000 plants per hectare.
5.6 Weed control
- These are unwanted plants competing for light, nutrients and water with crops
- Late weeding encourages competition.
- Weed early particularly during the critical first three months of the establishment of the crop.
- Delay in weeding results in low yields.