. Kusankha malu
- Kanozgelu ka malu ghakupandamo vigawo kamuna ndimudamu kasiyana
- Munena, alimi apanda pambula mizeli, mumatusi ndi mumizeli
- Mudambu, alimi apanga vimizeli panyaki vimatusi vikuviku kuopeska maji.
- Vigawu vakupanda mudimba vipandike muvimizeli vikuviku vakutayikiyana 120cm kuti maji yendengi umampha.
3.2. Kusosa ndikulima
- Mizeli yitalikiyani 90cm ndipu yikweli 30cm
- Matusi ngawi 30 mpaka 60cm kukwera kwaki
- Kutalikiyana kwa matusi kulekanalekana 60 mpaka 100 cm.
- Gawuwani ndikulima minda kawi
- Pangani ntchito izi asani kwe mtika wakukwaniya.
- Gawuwani munda 15 mpaka 30 cm kusele pasi
Mbewu
- Mbewu yijengi yamampha
- Toni mbewu kutuwa pasi kufikiya chapakatikati pa chigawu chakukhoma cha miyezi 9.
- Kwa mbewu yo yaja chaka panyaki kujumphiya apo munga tongi mbewu ya mphata cha chifukwa yituwa kuti yakhoma ukongwa.
- Dumuwani mbewu pamulingu wa 25 panyaki 30 cm
- Dumuwani mbewu asani mwamupanda
- Dumuwani mbewu ndi chimpeni chakunthwa ukongwa panyaki sowu.
- Toni mbewu yikuyiku timana cha
Kapandilu ndi unandi waki
- Pafupifupi milu ya 65 mpaka 80 ya tivimiti 50 ta mbewu yikwana hekitala.
- Pandani ndi vuwa yakwamba. Walimi angapandanga vigawu mwakuswela cha. Vigawu vichita umampha mudongu lamampha
- Pandani vigawu mumizeli yakutalikiyana 90cm ndipu 90cm pakati pa mbewu asani vigawu valimika kuti muzilyi. Asani mwapanda viyo pahekitala patuwa mbewu zakukwana 14000
- Asani mupanda kuti muzigisi mizeli yitalikiyani 90 cm ndipu mbewu zitalikiyani 45 cm pa hekitala patuwa mbewu 20000. Vigawu vimandiki mwakubende nge mo vilili pa chithuzi.

Figure 1: Mo vigawu vipandikiya
Kasamalilu ka vugawu
5.1. Kulimiliya
- Limiliyani luwi ukongwa ukongwa mumiyezi yitatu yakwamba. Kuswela kulimi kuchepeska vuna